PROSPECTUS OF THE BRUNSWICK ADVOCATE—A WEEKLY PAPER—PUBLISHED AT BRUNSWICK, GLYNN—COUNTY, GEORGIA

The causes which render necessary the establishment of this Press, and its claims to the support of the public, can best be presented by the statement of a few facts.
            Brunswick possesses a harbor, which for accessibility, spaciousness and security, is unequalled on the Southern Coast. This, of itself would be sufficient to render its growth rapid, and its importance permanent; for the best port South of the Potomac must become the site of a great commercial city. But when to this is added the singular salubrity of the climate, free from those noxious exhalations generated by the union of salt and river waters and which are indeed "charnel airs" to a white population, it must be admitted that Brunswick contains all the requisites for a healthy and populous city. Thus much has been the work of Nature; but already Art has begun to lend her aid to this favored spot, and the industry of man bids fair to increase its capacities, and add to its importance a hundred fold. In a few months, a canal will open to the harbor of Brunswick the vast and fertile country through which flow the Altamaha, and its great tributaries. A Rail Road will shortly be commenced, terminating at Pensacola, thus uniting the waters of the Gulf of Mexico with the Atlantic Ocean. Other Rail Roads intersecting the State in various directions, will make Brunswick their depot, and a large portion of the trade from the Valley of the Mississippi will yet find its way to her wharves. Such, in a few words, are the principal causes which will operate in rendering Brunswick the principal city of the South. But while its advantages are so numerous and obvious, there have been found individuals and presses prompted by selfish fears and interested motives, to oppose an undertaking which must add so much to the importance and prosperity of the State. Their united powers are now applied to thwart in every possible manner, this great public benefit. Misrepresentation and ridicule, invective and denunciation have been heaped on Brunswick and its friends. To counteract these efforts by the publication and wide dissemination of the facts—to present the claims of Brunswick to the confidence and favor of the public, to furnish information relating to all the great works of Internal Improvement now going on through the State, and to aid in developing the resourced of Georgia, will be the leading objects of this Press.
            Such being its end and aim, any interference in the party politics of the day would be improper and impolite. Brunswick has received benefits from—it has friends in all parties, and every consideration is opposed to rendering its Press the organ of a party. To the citizens of Georgia—and not the members of a party—to the friends of Brunswick—to the advocates of Internal Improvement—to the considerate and reflecting—do we apply for aid and support.
            TERMS—Three dollars per annum in advance or four dollars at the end of the year.
J.W. FROST, Editor
DAVIS & SHORT, Publishers

[excerpts from a larger article on the suitableness of various ports]

SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.—The bar at the north of the Savannah river is the deepest and most accessible of any on the Southern coast. The average depth is 19 feet at low water and hence, with a full tied, a frigate may pass in safety. But although thus favored at the entrance, these advantages are soon lost in ascending the river. The first point of effectual defence, salubrity, and locality of a navy yard, is Cockspur island, situated within five miles of the bar, and two miles within the river; but a frigate cannot reach this point, by reason of an extensive sand-bank half a mile below it, on which but 14 feet at low water can be obtained. In ascending still father up, the shoals are frequent and of less draught of water; and the river at first brackish becomes fresh; and hence, in so low a latitude, and surrounded by marshes, is unhealthy in summer.

DARIEN, GEORGIA—Merchant ships of heavy burden can enter the port of Darien; but it is unsuitable to naval purposes, by reason of its unfavorable locality, being surrounded by swamps and morasses and on account of its being placed on a fresh water river, which in so low a latitude, must cause unhealthiness. The port of Darien can have no greater pretension than the ingress of a sloop of war; and, hence, cannot compete with the deeper harbor in the same State.

BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA—The waters forming the port of Brunswick are generally designated as Turtle river; but properly speaking, it is an arm of the sea, which entering between the islands of Jekyl and St. Simon’s, flows into the interior for upwards of 20 miles, forming a wide deep and swift column. As no fresh water river empties into this basin, it is always salt, free from freshets and alluvial deposits; and hence from an early period of time, no change whatever has been perceptible in the soundings or general character of the port. From the large islands of St. Simon’s and Jekyl, (which are distant from each other about one mile,) and running seaward for about six miles, are jutting two extensive sand pits. At low water portions of them are laid bare; and unless the sea is unusually smooth, they form, in nearly their whole extent, lines of continuous breakers. Between the spit-heads we found 22 feet at low water. Proceeding towards the land, by traversing the whole breadth of the channel, the soundings gradually shoaled to 18 feet, which is the least draught of water found in the channel-way. About one mile within the spit-heads, is “the middle ground,” which is a bank of sand resting on the southern or Jekyl spit, and jutting into the channel0way some 200 fathoms; but leaving a sufficiently wide 18 feet passage towards the St. Simon’s or nothern [sic] spit, for a large ship even with an adverse wind; the middle ground has but 14 feet at low water. Entering still further up the soundings gradually grow deeper, so that when between the islands it has obtained a depth of 19 fathoms. The vessel is now in safety. On the right of St. Simon’s sound, which, together with similar water courses still further north, affords a safe internal navigation to steamboats, and craft to Savannah and Charleston. To the left is the arm of the sea (called the Turtle river,) from which, by Jekyl and Cumberland sound, is a southern internal navigation as far as St. Mary’s. The [illegible] from [illegible] to the mouth of the harbor, is nearly west north-west keeping the northern breakers on board; the channel then runs south and southwesterly, and making a short turn to the north-west, we arrive at the town of Brunswick—insignificant at present, but destined, we believe through her rail-road and canal, to future importance. A shoal of soft mud, close to and below the town, on which but 12 feet can be found at low water, seems to indicate some other point in the harbor as a more suitable position for a navy yard. We believe Blythe’s island, on the opposite shore, to be the most eligible. It contains some hundred acres covered with timber, and every way convenient for wharves, docks, &c, and for a nursery of the live oak; it is distant from Brunswick two miles, and has bold water to within a few fathoms of the shore. There is no doubt that the port may be strongly fortified. The island of St. Simon’s and Jekyll present suitable positions for extensive works; and a sand shoal two miles within and in the centre of the river (dry at low water,) affords a third basis for a powerful defence, and steam batteries will complete the whole. The average rise of the tide is six feet, which gives, at high water, on the bar, 24 feet; sufficient for a frigate. It is deemed healthy; and the absence of a fresh water river, or fresh water swamps, seem to justify the opinion.

ST. MARY’S, GEORGIA—The harbor of St. Mary’s, on the south frontier of Georgia, has a bar very similar to that of Charleston, in its general features and depth of water; it is subject to the same vicissitudes from great gales. In 20 years the ship channel has been forced to the southward; and the site of the passage, where formerly passed the largest sloop of war in the navy, is now filled up to eight feet. Under the most favorable circumstances of wind and tide, the present ship channel may be stated at 14 feet at low water, the average rise of the tide is six feet. The localities are unfavorable for the establishment of a navy yard; and regarding the harbor in every light, we feel compelled to express an opinion adversely of St. Mary’s as a port suitable for naval purposes.

TO THE PUBLIC—A full and candid avowal of the course he intends to pursue, is always required from every conductor of a Press. The justice of that demand we acknowledge, and are willing to meet it promptly and fairly. In fact the Prospectus for this paper issued some months since, gave an outline of our opinions on those topics which will come within the “verge and scope” of our design. However, in conformity to a well established usage, and in accordance with our own feelings, we make in this our first number, a public declaration of the principles which are to control the columns of this paper.
            As its name imports, its leading object will be to advocate the cause of Brunswick and present for the consideration of the whole country, the eminent advantages which this port possesses, both for a commercial city and a naval depot. This we shall attempt to perform by the statement of facts and their legitimate deductions. Discussions on this subject we anticipate, and shall be happy to meet on this ground all gentlemanly opponents—all others will receive that treatment to which their contemptible character entitles them.
            Believing that the growth and importance of Brunswick is commensurate with, and inseparable from the prosperity of Georgia, we shall do all in our power, to aid in her onward march that State, to which nature has so generously supplied all the elements of wealth and greatness. The encouragement and assistance rendered by the State, to the various works of Internal Improvement within her limits, bespeak and enlightened legislation, and must speedily result in giving to Georgia that “rank and place” in the Union, which her favorable position and vast resources claim for her. The Internal Improvements of the State consequently will be entitled to a large space in our columns, and all information respecting them will be furnished to our readers.
            We shall studiously avoid party politics as well from inclination, as principle. The fate of Brunswick depends in no degree upon the success or defeat of any of the parties now agitating the country. No political scheme is connected with her rise, and whatever may be the benefits to result from the building up of another city on the Southern coast, those benefits will be felt by the nation and not solely by a party. Our course in this respect, we are aware, will be regarded by some with suspicion.—This, we are willing to bear, until “that old common arbitrator Time,” shall determine its injustice. We know that it is a task beset with danger and difficulty, to conduct a Press in this country without participating in those exciting contests, which from the nature of our free institutions, must continually arise. Yet were all other considerations wanting,
            “The danger’s self were lure alone.” While to others we leave the distinctions and rewards bestowed on the successful politician, we shall be content to labor in a humbler sphere, and to seek our reward in the consciousness of striving at least for the improvement of society and the development of now [sic] sources of wealth and strength of the country.
            For the articles which purport to be Editorials, we shall hold ourself personally accountable to all aggrieved; but for communications, the writers must be responsible, and papers intended for publication in the Advocate must, in every instance, be accompanied by the name of the author. This rule will be rigidly enforced, for though willing to answer for our own offences, we have not the slightest idea of bearing the burdens which belong to others.
            Having spoken thus frankly, we shall leave it for the Public to pass sentence on our future course, and by that decision, we shall cheerfully abide.

THE PROSPECTS OF BRUNSWICK—It is but recently that public attention has been at all directed to this point, as presenting the necessary requisites for an important city. In fact the Northern merchants and ship masters were ignorant that so fine a harbor was to be found on the Southern coast. But that ignorance is rapidly vanishing, and Brunswick is now exciting in New England that feeling in its favor, which exists in this State. The various documents emanating from the highest sources that have become extensively circulated present in a clear manner the great advantages this [illegible] and [illegible] carry convictions? to every unbiased [illegible] of the importance which Brunswick is destined at no distant day to possess, and the influence she must wield in the commercial operations of this country.
            So fully has this subject been canvassed by the Commissioners of the State, by Col. Loami Baldwin and by the Navy Commissioners, that our task is merely to give a transcript of their investigations and compress their conclusions into the compass of a newspaper paragraph.
            The want has long been felt of a city at once offering security to the ship and crews engaged in carrying on the trade of the South. — The sickliness of the present cities to strangers during the hot months, is a fact so well known, that it cannot be thought invidious in us to speak of it. This fact so well known at the South, admits of most painful proof in every New England village, by the many bereaved families, that mourn the loss of some dear member who has added another to the victims of a deadly climate, dying in a strange land far away from the scenes and friends of his childhood, and finding a neglected grave in the “Potter’s field.”
            The causes of this unhealthiness are believed to be the mingling of the fresh with the salt water, and the presence of stagnant pools.—The Southern cities are without an exception at the mouths of the rivers, usually at the head of tide water, and with rice plantations in the neighborhood. Now these causes must always operate to make the climate dangerous to strangers, and whatever may be the advantages offered by good harbors and an extensive back country, those can be but imperfectly improved, if merchant ships and strangers can enter them, only during a portion of the year.—
            Brunswick possesses this advantage; that it is situated on an arm of the sea, with a high dry sand bluff and its shore washed by the waves of the ocean, rolling in with every tide from the Atlantic. Turtle River as this arm has been erroneously named, is not a river, but in every particular a Bay. It extends into the interior about twenty miles from St. Simons Sound, and with deep water for the greater part of the distance, receiving a small quantity of fresh water from the Buffalo Swamp, but not sufficient to diminish in any sensible degree, the saltness [sic] of sea water. In the recent plan of the city and harbor, drafted by Mr. G.R. Baldwin, the late Engineer, “Oglethorpe Bay,” has been substituted for that of “Turtle River.” The name of Oglethorpe was selected as a mark of respect to the memory of the Father of Georgia, the Philanthropist, Warrior and Statesman, whose character attracts such universal admiration and is held so deservedly dear, associated as it is with that “immortal band” who planted the Colonies of America. From the other great cause of sickness, stagnant water, we are also happily freed. The few ponds in the neighborhood have all been drained at a considerable expense, and scarce a trace of them remains. And we feel not the slightest hesitation in pronouncing this as healthy a port as any in the country.
            The entrance into the harbor is pronounced by all competent judges, as one of the least intricate in the country. The outer bar is five miles from St. Simons Light, and consists of two sand spits projecting that distance into the sea from St. Simons and Jekyl Islands, with a channel way between sufficiently wide for any ship to boat up. Several brigs of ordinary draught have been navigated by the masters to the inner harbor without a pilot, and this too without a single buoy to mark the course. These men all pronounce it by far the best harbor on the coast, and when the channel shall be properly marked by buoys and beacons, no difficulty can occur in the navigation. The harbor is completely landlocked as much so as any in the country, and the security afforded to cotton ships and cotton boats is perfect. This is the opinion expressed by intelligent shipmasters and cotton factors, and we can hardly imagine how any one in his sober senses, can have the effrontery to talk of the danger to which cotton boats must be subjected in this harbor.
            The only cause which has retained Brunswick in such obscurity, and completely checked its growth, has been the want of communication with the back country. To obtain this, a canal of twelve miles is now cutting from Oglethorpe Bay to the Southern Branch of the Altamaha, which must give us the trade of that noble river, extending as it does into the heart of the State. It is fully expected that such arrangements will be made as to bring here much of the cotton now sent from Augusta to Charleston and the Rail Road to the Gulf of Mexico, will as a matter of course, take much of the produce now shipped from New Orleans and the ports on the Gulf. Of this we shall speak more fully in a future number. These works must undoubtedly be retarded for the present by the frightfully deranged state of the business and currency of the country. But this cannot always continue, and with the return of confidence and order, they will be prosecuted with renewed energy and activity.

            The sale of CITY LOTS took place on the 25^th of May, and not withstanding the unparalleled pressure of the times, a large concourse of persons assembled, and thirty seven lots were sold at an average price of three hundred and fifty dollars each. This price which in ordinary times would be deemed small, is still as high as at the time and under the circumstances, could be reasonable expected.— We undertake to say that lots in any of our cities North or South, would [illegible] on the 25^th ult.[?] if [illegible] up at Public Auction [illegible] brought our quarter[?] part as much as they might have been sold for six months since. They may be worth as much to day as ever they were, but money cannot be procured and consequently no sales can be effected. If such is the depreciation of property elsewhere, why should Brunswick be exempt from the general sufferings. Had there been any appearance of such a state of affairs as now exist, at the time when the Directors of the Brunswick Company determined on a sale, that course would have been entirely different. But having advertised the sale and led the public to anticipate that lots could then be procured, they preferred selling a few at what they deemed a small price, rather than not meet that expectation. The lots were offered according on the terms and the result we have given above. The Company is content the purchasers are satisfied and really for the life of us, we cannot imagine what other parties there are to the trade. We do know that the effect of the sale was to raise the price of some lots held by individuals a hundred percent. Should the money pressure be in any degree relieved, there will in the Autumn be another sale, when the lots will doubtless advance very much on present prices.
            In the afternoon a large company sat down to the first dinner furnished at the Oglethorpe House. After the removal of the cloth, two brief Addresses were made in reply to complimentary toasts by Hon. THOMAS BUTLER KING, of Glynn, and Hon. SEABORN JONES, of Columbus. Mr. King, by the generous zeal he has manifested for the success of Brunswick has called down upon himself the enmity of those whose pecuniary interests are opposed to the opening of a new post in Georgia, but this only gives him a better title to that respect which he enjoys both at the North and the South.
            After the sale a race took place in the harbor between the boats of two of the “Island Lords,” which afforded much pleasure. The “Goddess of Liberty,” the successful boat is owned by Col. Dubignon, of Jekyl Island—she is dug out of a Cypress log, and is the most perfect model of symmetry we have ever seen. She has been victorious at several of the races of the St. Simons’ Club and deserves for her beauty alone to win the prize. The ‘Aquatic Club,’ some months since, offered a challenge to the New Yorkers of $10,000, the contest to take place in Savannah river during the month of November next, which has not yet been met. We hope the White-hall boatmen will not permit this banter to remain unnoticed.

THE VISIT OF THE STEAMER OCMULGEE—On the tenth of May, Brunswick was honored by a visit from this fine boat freighted with many of the ladies and gentlemen of Darien. The Oglethorpe House at that time was not fully completed, and however desirous the gentlemen of Brunswick might be to manifest their gratification at the honor, it was entirely out of their power to do it, save by words. Diligent search was made for a swivel even, to welcome our visitors but in vain.

“OGLETHORPE HOUSE” is the name of the Hotel erected in Brunswick during the last Winter. We doubt if there is in the whole country a house superior to it in point of comfort or even elegance. It is sixty feet in length by fifty in width, built of wood, four stories high, and a basement of brick. A piazza ten feet wide on each side of three stories, protects the rooms from the sun and affords a delightful promenade, while from the cupola is opened an extensive and beautiful prospect of the Sound and Islands. Wide entries extending through the building, and windows springing from the floors nearly to the ceilings, permit the free circulation of the breeze, which blows daily from the ocean, mitigating the intensity of the Summer heat. “Mine host,” MR. DAVIS, has long carried on the business in the immediate neighborhood of Boston, and brings with him the reputation of an attentive and obliging landlord. Gentlemen and families will find this an agreeable residence during the Summer, and every exertion will be made for their comfort not only y the host but by those who intend to pass the season here.

The Schooner Exit, Capt. Sisson, arrived in our harbor on Tuesday, having on board Lieuts. T. Pettigru and D.N. Ingraham, of the U.S. Navy and Capt. Hubbard, of the St. Mary’s Revenue boat. These gentlemen have been appointed to examine the different harbors on the coast with a view of ascertaining what additional facilities are required for their save navigations.

NOTICE—A MEETING of the State Rights Party of Glynn County, will take place at Bethel, on SATURDAY, the twenty-fourth instant, for the purpose of nominating candidates to represent said County, in the next Legislature.        June 8, 1837.

FOR SALE—500 ACRES of PINE LAND on College Creek. For particulars enquire at this office.        June 8.

$10 REWARD—LOST from the piazza of Mrs. Lamb’s house, a russet leather VALISE, containing a few articles of clothing, a dressing case and a file of papers and three memorandum books, of no use to any person but the owner. Whoever will return the papers and books either with or without the other articles, shall receive the above reward of ten dollars and no questions asked on application to this office.     Brunswick, June 8, 1837.

TO THE BOAT CLUBS OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK—GENTLEMEN:—”The Aquatic Club of Georgia,” having frequently heard of the fleetness of your Boats and skill of your Oarsmen are desirous of comparing the speed of one of their Boats, with the speed of one of yours, on the following terms:
        They propose to run their four Oared Canoe Boat “Lizard,” one straight mile opposite the City of Savannah, in fair and calm weather, against any four Oared Plank Boat built in the City of New York, not over 27 feet 3 inches on the keel, (which is the length of the Lizzard’s) for Ten Thousand Dollars a side—Two thousand forfeit.
        The race to take place in the month of November next. Should the day that may be agreed not be fair and calm, the race to take place on the first fair and calm day thereafter.
        The stakes to be deposited in one of the Banks in Savannah, on or before the 1^st day of October next.
        Should the terms proposed be acceptable, address Chas. R. Floyd, Jeffersonton, Camden Co, Ga. And particulars can be arranged by correspondence.
CHAS. R. FLOYD } Secretaries
HENRY DUBIGNON} A.C.G
June 8.

“OGLETHORPE HOUSE,” BRUNSWICK, GA.—THIS new and elegant establishment having been fitted and furnished in a superb style, is now open for the reception of company under the direction of the subscriber. The situation of the House is airy and the prospect delightful. The rooms will be found extremely cool and comfortable during the heat of the summer, and board for families or single gentlemen may be taken by the week or single day, and no pains nor expense will be spared to make the house an agreeable retreat for all those who may honor the subscriber with their patronage.
            The Bar will be stocked with the choicest Wines, Liquors, &c. and the Larder filled with the best the market affords, and the subscriber flatters himself that he shall be able to place his establishment under such rules and regulations as will meet the approbation of the community. His acquaintance with the duties of a Public House and his entire devotion to those duties he hopes will secure him the favor of the public.

JOHN DAVIS
Brunswick, June 8, 1837.

VARIETY STORE—GEORGE HARRINGTON & CO.—HAVE commenced business in this place and intend keeping as general an assortment of goods as can be found in any store in this section of the State, and they respectfully solicit the patronage of the Planters and others, so far as they may deserved it.
            They have just received from Boston a good assortment of:
            English and American Piece GOODS
            Crockery, Glass and Hard Ware,
            Groceries,
            Boots and Shoes, and
            Ready made Clothing,
and they will constantly be receiving additional supplies.

THEY HAVE NOW FOR SALE

            Brown and bleached Shirtings and Sheetings,
            Ticking, Calicoes and Cambrics,
            Ginghams, Flannels, Sattinet,
            Merinos, Negro Cloths,
            Silk and Cotton Handkerchiefs,
            Ribbons, Gloves, Hosiery,
            Thread, Sewing Silk, Pins, Bindings,
            Buttons, Table Cloths, Shawls, Umbrellas,
            Blankets, Mattresses, &c. &c.

GROCERIES

            Brown and Leaf Sugar, Tea, Coffee,
            Chocolate, Shells, Molasses,
            Brandy, Gin and Wines,
            Raisins, Cassia, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cocoa,
            Ginger, Mustard, Sweet Oil,
            Pepper, Cayenne, Candles, Soap,
            Spermaceti Oil, Tobacco, Cigars,
            Butter, Cheese, Pepper Sauce,
            Starch, Pimento, Salt Petre, Salt,
            Pickled Salmon, Mackerel, Codfish,
            Pollock, Herrings,
            Tongues and Sounds, &c. &c.

WOODEN WARE

            Such as Tubs, Pails, Dippers, Axe Handles, Corn Brooms, &c. &c.

HARD WARE

            Axes, Adzes, Frying Pans, Window Glass,
            Steel, Nails, Fowling Pieces,
            Brass Kettles, Knives and Forks,
            Penknives, Scissors, Brushes,
with almost every article wanted in building, or for family use.

ALSO

            Hats, Boots, Shoes, Ready made Clothing, &c. &c.

CROCKERY AND GLASS WARE

A complete assortment for family use.
            G.H. & CO. will receive orders for any articles of Foreign or Domestic growth or manufacture that can be procured in Boston,—confident that their advantages of obtaining such articles will enable them to give satisfaction to those who may employ them.
Brunswick, Ga. June 8, 1837.

RUNAWAY—FROM Gowin Swamp on Monday night, two negro fellows,—DICK, a stout black fellow, about six feet high 45 years of age. NED, stout yellow complected [sic] about five feet ten inches high 27 years of age. As they both have relatives on the Brunswick Canal it is very likely they may be in that vicinity. Ten dollars will be given for the apprehension of each, on application to the subscribers.
F.M. SCARLETT     Oak Grove, Glynn Co. June 5, 1837.

SCHOOL—THE subscriber has opened a School at the Court House in Brunswick, Glynn Co. where youth of both sexes are instructed in all the branches of an English education, viz:—Reading and Spelling, Writing, English, Grammar, Geography and Common Arithmetic.—He will also give instruction in Natural Philosophy, Chemistry and Rhetoric.
            Board can be obtained on very reasonable terms in the immediate vicinity, and the subscriber pledges himself that no exertion will be wanting on his part to give perfect satisfaction to all who may entrust their children to his care. Terms: Common branches, $4 per quarter, Philosophy, Chemistry, &c. $6.

AARON JONES, Jr.
Refer to J.W. FROST
June 8.

NOTICE—M.W. WILSON will contract to erect buildings of wood or brick in Brunswick during the coming Autumn and Winter on the most reasonable terms and in workmanlike manner.
            Letters directed to him at Lynn, Mass. During the summer will meet with prompt ???tion. For a specimen of his work be referred to the Public House built under his direction in this city.
            For more particular information apply to Mr. J. Davis of the Oglethorpe House.
Brunswick, June 8, 1837.

THE BRUNSWICK ADVOCATE, is published every THURSDAY MORNING, in the city of Brunswick, Glynn County, Georgia, at $3 per annum, in advance, or $4 at the end of the year.
            No subscriptions received for a less term than six months and no paper discontinued until all arrearages are paid except at the option of the publishers.
            All letters and communications to the Editor or Publishers in relation to the paper, must be POST PAID to ensure attention.
            ADVERTISEMENTS conspicuously inserted at ONE DOLLAR per one hundred words, for the first insertion, and FIFTY CENTS for every subsequent continuance—Rule and figure work always double price. Twenty-five per cent. added, if not paid in advance, or during the continuance of the advertisement. Those sent without a specification of the number of insertions will be published until ordered out, and charged accordingly.
            LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS published at the usual rates.
            N.B. Sales of LAND, by Administrators, Executors or Guardians, are required by law, to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court-house in the county in which the property is situate.—Notice of these sales must be given in a public gazette, SIXTY DAYS previous to the day of sale.
            Sales of NEGROES must be at public auction, on the first Tuesday of the month, between the usual hours of sale, at the place of public sales in the county where the letters testamentary, of Administration or Guardianship, may have been granted, first giving SIXTY DAYS notice thereof, in one of the public gazettes of this State, and at the door of the Court-house, where such sales are to be held.
            Notice for the sale of Personal Property, must be given in like manner, FORTY days previous to the day of sale.
            Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be published FORTY days
            Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell LAND, must be published for FOUR MONTHS.
            Notice for leave to sell NEGROES, must be published for FOUR MONTHS, before any order absolute shall be made thereon by the Court.

BRUNSWICK—REPORT—Of JOHN G. POLHILL, HUGH LAWSON, and MOSES FORT, Commissioners appointed to examine the Post and Railroad of Brunswick, &c.

MILLEDGEVILLE, 17^th July, 1833
To the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Georgia.

GENTLEMEN:—The Commissioners appointed by his Excellency the Governor, in conformity with a Resolution of your body of the 17^th December, “To go and examine the commercial advantages of the Port of Brunswick and the Rail-road avenue to the Altamaha, and report thereon upon oath, whether or not it would be advisable for the State to render any aid in opening Brunswick to the interior,” proceed early in the month of June last to execute the duties of their commission, and beg leave to submit the following Report.
            The town of Brunswick is situated on the north branch or arm of Turtle river, near the centre of our sea coast, about eight miles from St. Simons light house, just above the 31^st degree of north latitude, in the county of Glynn, about 13 miles from St. Simons bar. The site of the town is a beautiful bluff of close sand, the soil is perfectly dry and very eligible for a large city, being elevated from 8 to 12 feet above high water, and extending itself up and down the river for upwards of two miles, affording a delightful situation for town of the largest extent.—The beauty of its location—its splendid river, and circumjacent islands, make it altogether the handsomest site we have seen on our coast for the erection of a commercial emporium and naval depot.—Though this splendid sheet of water is called Turtle river, yet, from its width, its great depth and its length, it may more properly be called an inlet or arm of the sea, which extends about 20 or 25 miles into the interior. The entrance from the ocean is between St. Simons Island on the north, and Jekyl Island on the south. This inlet between the islands is about a mile in width. The bar over which ships enter it from the ocean, is about five miles from the light house on the south of St. Simons, and the safest on the southern coast, with the exception perhaps of Norfolk in Virginia. Besides having had access to the report of a survey made by Lieut. Stockton, under the authority of the United States, we took soundings ourselves under the pilot age of experienced men who had been many years well acquainted with the coast, and especially with St. Simons bar. The experienced officer who made the survey alluded to, has set down the average depth of the bar at 16 feet at dead low water, and ascertained the rise of the tide to be, on an average, about 6 feet, giving 22 feet at high water; stating at the same time that he was not satisfied that he had found the best water.
            The object of Congress in ordering this survey having been the establishment of a naval depot on Turtle river, it is to be presumed that the officer made this report with a view to the strict safety of our ships of war, and therefore preferred being rather under than over the depth of water.—We draw this conclusion from the fact, that we found the soundings on the bar to be generally about 18 feet at as near low water as we could judge; our shallowest sounding was 17 feet, but we found more water on the same track. As we found Stockton’s report very accurate in every respect, and as he had spent some time in the survey, we conclude that the water on the bar may be set down at from 16 to 17 feet at low water, and 22 to 23 at high water—striking at a medium between his survey and our soundings. The plots and coasting captains on board the vessel we employed in this service seemed to be of opinion that there was still deeper water, as they stated that they would risk their nautical skill and reputation, in undertaking to bring the largest class of merchant ships trading to the south, across this bar at any time of tide. An experienced pilot, whose services we had engaged assured us that he had been intimately acquainted with this bar for about twenty-three years, and that is breadth and depth had not varied the least in that time. We judge the extent of the bar, across it, to be about a quarter of a mile, and from half to three quarters in width, between the north and south breakers, to be navigable for large vessel. One of the great excellencies of the bar is, that ships can pass over it in a direct course with a favorable wind, and if the wind should be ahead, she has a plenty of room for beating up. Mr. King, the intelligent and enlightened Senator of Glynn, who lives immediately on St. Simons Sound, assured us, that it was by no means a rare occurrence for ships of heavy burden, entirely unacquainted with the bar, and without a pilot, to put into the sound in stress of weather for safety, and that this is done at night as well as in day. This we consider as the most conclusive evidence of the superior excellence and perfect safety of this bar, and the protection afforded to ships that run into the sound in bad weather. Of the entire safety and excellence of this bar for the navigation of ships, drawing from 20 to 21 feet of water, we can therefore speak in terms of the highest approbation.
            We account for the unvarying depth of this bar, from the great body of water which at every ebb tide sets out of Turtle river to the ocean. In coming in from sea, immediately after crossing the bar, the soundings gave us from five to ten fathoms, and this depth was retained with but little variation, till we reached within half or three quarters of a mile of Brunswick. We are informed by navigators, that the river continues unusually deep, almost to its source. From these facts, we conclude that the bar will always retain its present depth, for there is no cause visible to us, or to be drawn by inference from the character of the river, to produce any variations in the tide or changes in the bar. In the most of our other rivers which penetrate into the mountainous country of the interior, the great inundations frequently happening carry down immense quantities of sand and alluvial [sic] soil, which are continually shifting the channel, and affecting the depth and location of the navigable waters, where they empty into the ocean. Hence it is, that there is so much danger, delay and expense attending the ascent to our other sea ports. We think we may confidently say that the bountiful hand of nature has entirely exempted the port of Brunswick and its noble stream, and will continue in all future time to exempt them, from these difficulties and obstructions to their navigation.
            When you approach within half a mile of the town, there is a small salt marsh island which divides the river into the northern and eastern branches, the main channel running southward of this island. Between Brandy Point on this island, and Dennis’s Folly on the Brunswick shore, there is an inner bar, upon which there is about twelve feet at low water, and, as the tide rises ten feet, it gives the same depth of water that we find on the outer bar, with this advantage, that the bottom being soft mud creates no damage to ships and may be very easily deepened if it were necessary. But no such necessity exists, as any ship that crosses the outer bar can run over this at high water, and find the best anchorage near the bluff along the whole extent of the town, in from twenty to forty feet water at the lowest time of tide. This we ascertained from careful soundings at low water, and after having finished the soundings for ourselves, ascertained that Stockton’s report and diagrams confirmed our own survey.
            From the fact that we crossed the outer bar thirteen miles from town, and beat up against a very light breeze to Brunswick in about three hours, we can state safely, that a vessel may pass in or out, from the bar to the town, with the wind from any direction, and with a fair good breeze, can reach the wharves, and get to sea from them, in less than two hours. The width of the river and the channel affords an opportunity for making long tacks, which are very desirable in beating up or down a river or strait. The vessel once in port, we consider her entirely sheltered from any gale or storm, short of the most violent hurricane or tornado, such as would be dangerous on the land as well as on the water. The harbor is completely land-locked by a beautiful cresent [sic] or semi-circle of islands, stretching along the southern branch of the river, and preventing the heavy swell of the ocean from affecting the water in the harbor. In addition to this, an extensive salt marsh stretches along to the east of Brunswick, which also acts as a protection from heavy swells in the sound and the ocean. The course of the river itself turning nearly south immediately around the north point of Jekyl, with that island on the south and the Brunswick promontory on the north, acts as a protection to the port; the river making a sudden turn towards Brunswick at a point of high ground known as Dennis’s Folly.—All this will be more apparent to your honorable body by a reference to a map of Brunswick, its port, its environs, and the position an course of the rail-road, which we have ordered to be carefully drafted, after a very correct model, (with a few alterations indicated by us) by the county surveyor, to be submitted as a part of this report.
            In the southern and principal branch of the river is the outer harbor. In this harbor, the whole navy of our country might ride, with perfect safety, in seven fathoms water, and moor within a mile of the town.
            In regard to health, we consider Brunswick superior to any sea port on the southern coast. Its high and dry bluff, the total absence of lagunes [sic], swamps of stagnant fresh water and rice fields—its broad sheet of clear ocean water, almost as salt as the sea, and its pure sea breeze setting in regularly from the ocean, make it not only a delightful situation in summer, (as we experienced it to be,) but give the strongest assurance of the health and comfort of seamen and navigators, and of the inhabitants of the town. We found wells of water as good as could be expected in so low of latitude. Though not very cool, we believe it to be pure, and that which we found in town was better than the wells in the immediate vicinity. The extensive salt marshes are overflowed at every tide with pure salt water, and are not considered at all injurious to health. The sea breeze sweeps delightfully over them, and we found some of the most healthy families in the vicinity living immediately upon their edge.
            Brunswick may be so protected by fortifications as to become entirely inaccessible to any naval force that might attempt to approach it. The inlet between St. Simons and Jekyl Island being but a mile wide, might be defended by forts on both sides, so as to cut off any naval armament that might attempt to enter it. Should an enemy’s ship succeed in passing this strait, there are other points for defence [sic], on Cedar hammock, the firm marsh on the opposite side, on Dennis’s Folly, and on Brandy Point—all well calculated for the strongest and most effectual fortifications. Whether, therefore, we regard the “commercial advantages of the port of Brunswick,” in reference to the water on the bar and in the river,—in reference to the short time in which a ship of large draft may sail in or out of port, against or with the wind,—in reference to the excellence of the anchorage in port, and her entire safety from storms while there,—whether we view them in reference to the health, convenience and beauty of locality; or in reference to their capability of being made impregnable to an enemy; your Commissioners regard them as of a very superior order; and with this opinion, formed from accurate inspection and personal examination, we feel constrained to say, that it is highly “advisable for the state to render aid in opening Brunswick to the interior;” and this aid ought, for the benefit of the state and its inhabitants, to be rendered efficiently and promptly.
            Of the “rail-road avenue to the Altamaha,” we can speak in terms equally unequivocal and equally favorable. The distance of this avenue is but eleven miles and a few chains from river to river. From the Altamaha swamp to the bluff at Brunswick, its location is as fine and beautiful for such an improvement as can be found in any part of the Union. Its course is over a campaign country, so level that its inequalities are scarcely perceptible to the naked eye. It lies over a pine barren flat, of close, compact, sandy foundation from river to river, and when once completed and settled, the Commissioners are of opinion that it will be as firm and hard, and as well adapted to rail-road operations, and as little liable to injury from any causes as could be selected in the state.—There is but one curve in the whole route, and that very gradual, to avoid the point of a bay swamp, which would have increased the labor and expense to have run through it. From this curve, a shade tree of ordinary height, on the bluff at Brunswick, is distinctly visible to the naked eye, along the avenue, at the distance of eight miles or upwards; and it will require but little additional labor and skill to render the foundation, now almost completed, a dead level the entire distance from the Altamaha to Brunswick. This foundation has been thrown up by the superintendent, with a becoming regard to the public service, and in a style which does credit to his skill and industry. As far as completed, it is a road of the first order for horses and carriages, and is daily becoming firmer and better from use. About the middle of June, when we examined it, the foundation was thrown up about two thirds of the way, the avenue cut the whole distance, and the superintendent expected to complete it in two or three months. Nothing will then remain to be done, but to prepare it for the reception of the rails. In the immediate vicinity of the entire route, there is an abundance of the best cypress and live oak for the wood work. The heaviest job in its completion will be the junction of the rail-road with the Altamaha, though this is by no means a serious one. It may be united either with the rail-road creek, or with the river itself, or with Six-mile creek; the latter we think the most eligible, as this creek is wide and deep enough for up country boats, and enters the river in a deep bight, which renders it very convenient for boats to enter. In either route, the distance will be rather over half a mile, and may be either excavated to the fine bluff by a canal and basin, or the road be extended through the swamp, which is there a rice field in cultivation. Before it enters the ocean, the Altamaha divides itself into four branches; on the southern branch, which from examination and information we found to be the deepest and best for navigating boats, the rail-road will end.
            As to the cost of this work, we have only such data as will enable us to approximate a reasonable estimate. We have addressed the Agent of the Charleston rail-road, for accurate information from experience, but not having received an answer, we deem it our duty not to delay our report, as these matters are within the reach of every member or your body; and the distance is so small as not to make the cost a matter of great moment. We understand that the first estimate of the Charleston rail-road was 5,000 per mile, and that the actual cost has been found to fall short of the estimate. As the location of the route for the Brunswick rail-road is so favorable, and as the foundation will soon be completed by the public hands, we should think it would be a safe calculation to set down the utmost cost at $5,000 per mile, including labor already bestowed by the hands, or that it could not exceed from $50,000 to $70,000, including the cost of the labor, materials, engine, cars and warehouses. We think this a high limit for the cost, but that it would be a trifling sum compared with the immense advantages that would result to the State from the completion of the work, even should the State assume the entire expense; but this will not be necessary, as individuals have already subscribed for stock.
            The distance from the Altamaha to Brunswick, and vice versa, may be performed with ease by the engine and loaded cars in one hour. By a proper construction of the ends of the route, a boat load of cotton might be soon placed into the cars, and be taken to Brunswick in one trip, while other cars might be ready to return immediately with freight of merchandize for the boat. In this way but little delay would be occasioned. We consider this process much cheaper and more expeditious than loading a boat by drays from the boat landing. As by the charter not more than twenty-five per cent can be demanded for any one year upon the amount of capital invested, should the project succeed, the cost of transportation would not probably exceed from 12 1-2 to 25 cents per bale upon cotton, and so in proportion for goods—for we believe that all the cotton-growing country in reach of the Oconee, Ocmulgee and Atlamaha, would go to Brunswick. We are therefore of opinion, that the great advantages to be derived from this work, by the extensive region of fertile territory, and the dense, industrious and growing population that trade and will be inducted to trade upon these rivers, render it advisable for the State to give prompt and efficient aid in completing this rail-road, so as to connect Brunswick with the interior of the State.
            Perhaps the letter of our duty is discharged in giving these facts, and the opinions founded upon them. But we feel, in common with our fellow-citizens, so strongly the great importance of building upon our sea coast a commercial town, for the sale and exportation of our products, and the importation of those supplies of merchandize yearly consumed among us and now essential to our prosperity and comfort, that we believe a more extensive view of this important subject to fall within the range of our official functions. Indeed we should consider our commission but half accomplished, did we fail, at this momentous crisis of our commercial relations, to spread before your body those powerful considerations that form the very basis of the opinions we have already submitted. Our state is second to but one or two of her sister States, in her internal wealth and resources. Possessing almost every variety of soil and climate from the mountains to the sea coast, with corresponding varieties of mineral, vegetable and agriculture wealth, she may vie in these respects with the most favored States, of the most highly favored nation upon the earth. All that our people have to do, to place us by the side of Ohio, Pennsylvania and N. York in internal improvements, is to arouse from our torpor, and direct our energies aright. Your Commissioners can say, upon the solemn appeal they have made, in submitting this report, that they do not believe that there is in the United States, so small a work of internal improvement as the contemplated rail-road, fraught with consequences so important and so beneficial to the same extent of country and the same amount of active and industrious population.
            The next question is: How is the importance of opening the Port of Brunswick, to be demonstrated? The answer is ready, and the various considerations connected with it, of the most momentous importance to the prosperity and independence of the State. But look at the map of your State, and it will be seen by a single glance of the eye, that our noble rivers the Oconee, the Ocmulgee and the Altamaha, penetrate the very heart of the State from the ocean to the Mountains. On these rivers and their tributaries, and within the range of their trade and influence, will be seen nearly half the number of our counties, containing the richest soil, and yielding the most extensive supplies of cotton, corn, sugar, flour, rice, stock and lumber to be found in any equal extent of the Southern States; containing the largest and most growing population, with a rich and new country every day gaining in resources. The trade that goes down these rivers would be derived from an extent of country nearly three hundred miles in length, and from fifty to one hundred miles in breadth. To all these people and this extensive district, the benefits of Brunswick would be brought, should it be fostered as it might be. That we have the facilities for the immediate creation of such a market, yet that we have not such a market, must be matter of the deepest regret and most humbling reflection to your honorable body, and to our people at large.—That the immense product of our soil yearly descending our rivers, and transported in wagons, should pass by the wharves of Darien and Savannah to go to Charleston, in another State, at a heavy expense, and our supplies returned by the same circuitous and expensive route, must be humbling to the State pride and the patriotism of every true hearted Georgian; while in the opinion of your Commissioners, the amount of wealth that would be retained at home, would in one year compensate us for the whole expense of setting this road in operation, and opening the Port of Brunswick to the interior. Georgia at this moment presents the spectacle of a robust man, rich in the vital fluid, submitting to have the veins of both arms opened, and bleeding to death; while, by the exertion of his own strength and energy, he might save himself from destruction.—Savannah we fear is prostrated by the completion of Charleston rail-road to Augusta. Our produce already goes by her wharves, because the farmer and merchant can get better bargains in a foreign market. All the produce on that noble river, which goes to Augusta, is eventually destined to Charleston. On the other side of our State, the rich country along the Chattahoochee is draining its products into Florida.—While we are thus losing the advantages of our trade on both sides of the State, the body of the State is perishing, or finding a scanty subsistence abroad, for the want of that commercial nourishment at home which the resources of the State and the capital of wealthy individuals in it are amply sufficient to supply. Under this state of things, for the want of our manly and vigorous exertion, we shall soon become like North Carolina, tributary to our [illegible] States.
            Our system of internal improvements has been radically defective. Instead of directing our operations to one important point on the sea coast, we have been working from village to village, and carrying our improvements across the State, thus giving facilities to the passage of our produce into to her markets. By some central operation, we should approximate the ship to the plough, and bring the mountains to the ocean. We have the means of avoiding this suicidal policy, by a very trifling improvement. The navigation of three rivers already mentioned, is open to the heart of the State, to Hawkinsville, Milledgeville, and Macon; and these towns draw the trade from near the mountains. Connect the navigation of these rivers with Brunswick, where the ship can at all season approach, and the merchant and planter of the interior can find a good market for sale and purchase, and our failing commerce would in a great measure revive and begin to flourish. It is by such means that South Carolina has fostered Charleston, till having absorbed the commerce of her whole State, she is now draining Georgia of hers. Let us learn a lesson from her example. From seventy to eighty thousand bales of cotton annually descend the Altamaha, besides other productions. These will increase as our fertile lands are opened, and our population becomes more numerous; and our cotton, corn, wheat, lumber, bacon, and stock of various kinds, will seek the best and nearest market on our coast, if such an one is to be found.—In return for these products, very extensive supplies are, and will continue to be brought up these rivers. The greater part of these products are now sent to Charleston and New York, and our goods purchased in the same markets. The advantages of all these transactions might, in the opinion of the Commissioners, be saved to Georgia, by a sea port of our own—and we are confident that Brunswick holds out the strongest inducements for such a saving of our resources. Our capital might be kept at home—our merchants might annually save large amounts of freights, commissions, exchange, insurance, storage, traveling expenses, and time—a very important item in the account current of every man of business. The merchants being enabled to save this expenditure, could afford to give better prices for produce, and sell their goods at cheaper rates, and on more accommodating terms;—while the farmer and planter would be the great gainers in the end. It would keep wealth at home, diffuse its comforts more generally, and increase the revenues of our treasury. The merchant could obtain supplies of articles just when there is a demand for them, and know when he could calculate on receiving them. He could bring his goods into market much sooner after he had made his purchase, and of course be sooner able to pay for them, and better able to afford accommodation to his customers. The price of our lands would be increased, and all our productions find a more ready market.
            Such are the facilities and advantages that might, in the opinion of the Commissioners, be afforded to the people of Georgia, by opening the Port of Brunswick to the interior, by connecting it with the Altamaha. This would in time induce further and more extensive improvements. Trade might, in time be brought from the isthmus[?] of Florida, from Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio—for the northern roads and canals are chained by the [illegible] in winter, and the dangers of navigating the Gulf of Mexico, render an eligible and accessible port on the Atlantic, far preferable to any on the southern coast of Florida. There is no reason why goods should not be bought as cheap at Brunswick, and produce command as high a price as at Charleston or New Orleans. The ship can as readily come to Brunswick from Liverpool, Bordeaux, and the East and West Indies, as to New York an Charleston. Why should the freight be higher or the goods dearer? There would be no delay in running in, and putting out to sea, and no heavy river charges, and no loss of time to increase the price of merchandize sold by the importer and the wholesale dealer.
            Open the Port of Brunswick to the interior, and the enterprise of seamen will soon bring the ships there; and your cotton, your grain, your sugar and every other article of home productions will go there, and the merchant of large capital will soon find it to his interest to invest it in Brunswick. The commerce of those rivers, and the trade of the whole interior of Georgia, belong, by nature, to some sea-port on our coast. Let the most eligible, and the best be selected. Let no sectional jealousy impede the enterprise. Such a sea-port, we thing Brunswick might be made, being decidedly of opinion, that it affords advantages for a large commercial city, if not superior, at least equal in every respect to any on the southern Atlantic coast of the United States, and decidedly superior to say in Georgia.
            Georgia has not a moment to lose in redeeming her own commercial character in saving to her treasury, to her merchants, to the whole agricultural, professional, and mechanical industry of the State, the great blessings to be derived from her ample resources. Patriotism, State pride, pecuniary interest, all demand, that the great wealth of one of the finest[?] portions of the world, should be so marshaled as to increase our own domestic prosperity and happiness, by cultivating the means to which the bountiful hand of indulgent Providence has placed so entirely within our reach and under our control.
            All which is respectfully submitted by the commissioners.

JOHN G. POLHILL
HUGH LAWSON
MOSES FORT

CALUMNY REFUTED—Ever since the Brunswick Canal Company commenced its operations, their conduct has been closely watched and every act which could by any ingenuity be perverted to their injury, has been circulated as widely as the petty malice of the tale tale bearers extended. The Company has failed at least six times within as many months, and we have concluded that this periodical bankruptcy will continue to excite the secret joy, but ostensible grief of those who cannot bear the prosperity of their neighbors. It would certainly be unkind to deprive any of the enjoyment to be derived from such anticipations of distress and ruin, we shall therefore not speak of what may occur, but merely refer to that which has already passed. When “Wolf” was first cried, it originated from a pack of wild Irishmen, who breaking loose from Brunswick, overran Darien for a time and at length found a safe asylum in the jail. These men had struck for higher wages, though at the time they were receiving more than was paid on any of the other public works in the State. After a few days they returned to their work and that danger was averted. The next cry of “Wolf” again arose from the discharge of some five hundred of these “sprigs of Shilelah,” who having kept the whole county in alarm by their drunken riots and vagrant habits, and performed nothing for the Company except eat their provisions, were paid up and dismissed. They started at once for the city of refuge for Brunswick malcontents, and for aught we know some of them may now be holding offices of trust and profit in the corporation. It was thought that the company must have failed, or why discharge five hundred of “the finest pisantry in Europe?” By some means or other, however, the Company survived the loss and about four hundred Negroes were procured at a high rate of wages, and provisions better in quality and more in quantity than their masters demanded, are furnished them.—No complaint has ever reached us that they have been ill treated or that the Company has failed to perform the conditions of the contract except in meeting the first quarterly payment. This we regret to say has not been done, and had such a failure to meet a pecuniary engagement occurred in ordinary times, the credit of the Company would have justly suffered, and the confidences of the community in the success of this work, would properly be diminished. But at this time when the Banks throughout the union have stopped specie payments, when not a tithe of the obligations of our citizens becoming due are met, when no species of property can be exchanged for cash and as by general consent payments are suspended, why should this Company more than other corporations be expected to meet its engagements or its credit suffer, while that of others remains unimpaired? The notes of the various Banks from Darien to Eastport pass as readily as before this pressure—their credit is as good and their actual ability is as undoubted. The same is the case with the innumerable host of individuals who have stopped payment, and yet they show assets to much larger amounts than their liabilities. The truth is simply this, if the Brunswick Company had met this engagement it would have performed more then is in the present power of Banks and individuals; they have not done this and are precisely in the same situation with the whole mercantile world. The generous sympathy and condescending pity which are expressed by some, for the distress produced by the bankruptcy of the Brunswick Company, like crocodile’s tears, are for effect. And the best of the joke is, that they only excite the merriment of those over whose imaginary misfortunes they are shed. From our knowledge of the members and their standing at the North, we are willing to pledge our honor that there is not a stronger Company, both in wealth, respectability and intelligence than this, and that their obligations are as secure as ninety-nine hundredths of the debts of the Continent.

MAIL ARRANGEMENTS—It seems as if particular pains were taken to give Brunswick the oldest news. The mail is received here twice a week, while Darien receives it three times. Then the Southern Mail comes also by way of Darien. But the worst arrangement is in the progress of the mail departing hence. It leaves every Tuesday, and after travelling [sic] six miles, is allowed to rest until the following Friday, and the mail leaving Brunswick on that day, rests at the half way house until the following Tuesday. The Southern mail also is obliged to go to Darien, so that after travelling [sic] about twelve miles in as many days, it at last takes a fair start for the South. Several petitions have been forwarded to the Post Office Department without any effect. This ought not to be, and we hope the Post Master General will pay that attention to these petitions which they deserve, and in this case give us proof of that vigilance and ability, which friends and foes concede he possesses.

NOTICE—All persons are hereby cautioned against hunting on Blyth [sic] Island, under the penalty of the law as it will positively be enforced against such.

F.M. SCARLETT
M.A. PARLAND
Oak Grove, Glynn Co., June 15, 1837.

WANTED TO PURCHASE—A GANG of ONE HUNDRED NEGROES, for which the Cash will be paid.

F.M. SCARLETT
Oak Grove, Glynn Co., June 15, 1837.

SELECT SCHOOL—NOW in operation under the superintendence of the subscriber, about nine miles above Brunswick, in the vicinity of John Burnett, Esq. In which youth of both sexes may receive instruction in all the branches usually taught in our academies. Board may be obtained for a few individuals in the immediate vicinity on reasonable terms. Terms of Tuition. Common branches of English studies, six dollars per quarter. Languages and higher branches of Mathematics, eight dollars.

ELAM S. ASHCRAFT June 15.

GEORGIA—GLYNN COUNTY—WHEREAS JAMES C. MANGHAM, has applied to me for Letters of Administration on the Estate and Effects of JACOB LINDER, each of said County, deceased—
            These are therefore to cite and admonish all and singular the kindred and creditors of the said deceased to be and appear at my office in the time prescribed by law, to show cause if any they have, why said Letters should not be granted.
            Witness the Honorable J. Hamilton Couper, one of the Justices of said Court, this 12^th June, 1837.  JOHN BURNETT, Clerk June 15. C.O.G.C.

PAINTING—THE subscriber would inform the inhabitants of Brunswick and those of Glynn and the adjoining counties, that he will be in readiness the coming Autumn to execute any orders in his line, such as

House, Sign, Coach. Chaise, Chair and
ORNAMENTAL PAINTING.

            Also, Golding, varnishing Furniture, &c done at the shortest notice and on satisfactory terms.
            A supply of Paints, Oils, Glass, &c constantly on hand.

            FRANCIS H. TUFTS June 8

TO HIRE—TWO first rate Negro Carpenters. For further information enquire at this Office.
June 8.

THE REPORT OF COL. BALDWIN. In the previous numbers we have published the Legislative and Congressional documents, relating to the harbor of Brunswick, and in the present number is inserted portions of the Report drawn up by Col. Baldwin. This gentleman is extensively known as a practical Engineer of great experience and learning. The Dry Docks constructed by him for the use of the Navy, are among the most perfect specimens of art to be met with in the continent, and his various surveys and examinations, prove him to be one of the most accomplished Engineers of the day. The confidence placed in his judgment by those acquainted with him is unlimited, and no one could have been selected, whose opinions would receive more deference. When, therefore, it was first proposed to Northern capitalists to invest property in this work, they employed this gentleman to examine the harbor, and also the facilities for constructing a canal. They were not willing to embark in an enterprise requiring and expenditure of millions, without understanding fully the means by which their money should be returned, and they at some future time reap the reward of their labors. Accordingly Col. Baldwin came prepared to examine the ground with an eye to the interest of his employers—his feelings prejudices, and wishes were with his Northern friends, and nothing however slight, which could detract from its value would be likely to escape his observation. That feeling of State pride which might have led the Commissioners to view every thing in the most favorable light, could not of course influence him. He did not look at the subject with the eye of a Georgian, anticipating the growth of a city, and the opening of a port, which should add so much to the wealth and importance of his State, overlooking the obstacles to be removed, and the disadvantages to be overcome. But he examined it as a business man, with sole reference to the profit which should accrue to those undertaking the heavy work, and with this feeling he made his survey. It will be observed that he continually corroborates the statements of the Commissioners, and thus affords accumulative evidence of the accuracy of their Report. He also adds another to the number of those, who after careful and thorough examination, have pronounced this the best harbor south of the Chesapeake. In fact, those have spoken the most violently against Brunswick, who know the least about it. Upon the strength of Col. Baldwin’s Report, together with the exertions of a citizen of Glynn County, the stock has been taken up—the work commenced, and now progressing more vigorously than at any time.
            It may be fair to remark that two errors are said to exist in this Report. One being an unimportant mistake in regard to the construction of the Steamboats used on the Altamaha. And the other, in regard to the depth of water at Dob(o)y. For the last mistake, (if such it is) he was indicted by the Grand Jury of McIntosh County. But as if this were not considered sufficient proof of his error, a letter has been published, written by a Lieut. Ramsay of the Navy, which we are informed was prepared for the purpose of showing that Dob(o)y bar deserves a much better character than it has heretofore borne. Should we be able to procure a copy of this letter, we shal lay it before our readers. For we are desirous of doing justice to all the towns which may be injured by the growth of Brunswick. The objection has also been made that Col. Baldwin went beyond his province, in speaking at all of Darien or its port. But it seems to us that eh did no more than the strict performance of his duty required. He was employed to report the advantages presented by Brunswick, and the resources it could command;—and surely in speaking of the excellence of its harbor, and the trade to be drawn from the Altamaha by means of a Canal, it was necessary to explain the reasons why that trade should leave its old channels. These reasons appealed to him to be the unhealthiness of the town, and the inferiority of the harbor at the mouth of the Altamaha. If that harbor could afford the necessary security and facilities for extensive commerce, then Brunswick was not required, and he was compelled to show that Dob(o)y and Darien, did not afford the requisite advantages. Without offering an opinion at present on this subject, we shall reserve any further remarks until we comment on the letter of the Lieutenant to which allusion has been made.

THE CANAL TO THE ALTAMAHA.  Although much money has been expended on this work, the results have as yet been small. This has been owing to several mistakes committed by the Company, but which have now been corrected. The great error was in procuring Irishmen instead of blacks. The great works of Internal Improvements at the North, have been constructed by Irish laborers, and when kept under proper control, they serve there a very useful purpose. Aware of this fact, the Company naturally supposed that these men could be as easily managed here as elsewhere. But the experiment proved the fallacy of their expectations. For removed from the wholesome restraints imposed on them by a dense population, and with overseers incapable of commanding respect or obedience, they acted very much as they pleased; and from the day of their arrival to that of their departure, our quiet town was but one scene of drunkenness and riot.—Five hundred Irishmen were brought out and paid for three months time, and their labor was not enough to pay their passage. When any of the kind friends and well wishers of Brunswick, are inclined to talk of the money thrown away by the Company, they will be performing an act of justice to mention that the greater part of the money so spent, was for Irish labor. But not only was there a loss of money and provisions, but also of time. For nothing worth mentioning had been accomplished at the time the blacks commenced in March. Of these, about two hundred have been employed in draining the town, and from a calculation made by the Engineers, the same labor on the Canal would have completed two miles. The other gang has not worked under such favorable circumstances, but still their results are favorable. The whole force is now actively engaged on the Canal, and at the expiration of the year, a good portion will be completed. Should the paralysis under which the business of the world is now suffering, be at all relieved with the new year, a large force will be placed on the work which will be pushed forward with renewed activity.

NOTICE—ON the first of July sealed proposals will be received at Bethel, for the building of a Bridge across the Little Buffalo Creek. Persons who wish to contract for the building of this bridge will state the terms for which they will build at the old site and also at the new.

P.P. GIGNILLIAT Treasurer June 22.

LIFE AT THE WAYNE SPRINGS—A traveler passing through the pine forests of Wayne would not suspect that among the hills and glades were the habitations of man-that elegance and wealth had made these solitudes the scenes of social intercourse and happiness. Yet were he to follow the windings of the carriage paths which so frequently enter the public road, he would be conducted to rustic cottages, the abodes of gentlemen, who retreating here from their plantation, spend the Summer months, enjoying all the pleasures flowing from agreeable and refined society. Within a short space are scattered some dozen families who live on the most intimate terms. A club house in the neighborhood of the Post Office, is the rendezvous on each Saturday for the gentlemen, where a dinner is furnished by the members in turn. Billiards, bowling alleys and quoits, furnish them with amusement, and not unfrequently “pic nics” and dancing parties are got up and the ladies and gentlemen living within a circuit of many miles invited. Such a party was had last week, and an assemblage of beauty and talent that might will have graced the most polished circles of our country, enjoyed the pleasures of a rural festival. Such little events serve much to break the monotony of a secluded life, and until Brunswick shall contain within itself that greatest source of happiness, refined society, commend us to the Wayne parties.

ACADEMY—The Waynesville Academy, through the past year in operation, will be opened again for the reception of scholars on the first MONDAY in December next. The scholastic year will be divided into two terms—each 23 weeks—allowing two vacations—one of two weeks in May and another of four weeks in November. As to location, few places afford equal advantages. The neighborhood is comparatively free from temptations to vice—its health is proverbial, and its society of the most refined and unexceptionable character. It is the determination of those concerned in the institution to make it what is should be in every respect worthy of the patronage of an enlightened community; and making it such, that patronage they hope to receive.
            Small scholars are not however desire; and no scholars will be received or retained whose habits render them unsafe companions.
            Application upon all business; relative to the institution may be made to: WILLIAM BAIRD—Waynesville, 9 November 1837.

LIST OF LETTERS—REMAINING in the Post Office at Brunswick, Ga., on the 30th of Sept. 1837, and if not taken out before that 30th of November, 1837, will be sent to the Post Office Department as dead letters:
            J.W. Frost—Dennis J. Goodbread 2—John Sawith 2—Capt. William Lane—Mr. Manow—James C. Mangham—James C. Morgan—Oglethorpe House—President of the Brunswick Bank 3—Wm. Tyson—Frederick Wadmerth.
 Oct. 19  GEE DUPREE, P.M.

NOTICE—Four months after date, application will be made to the Inferior Court of the County of Glynn, when setting for ordinary purposes, for leave to sell the real estate of ELIJAH HORNSBY, late of Glynn County, deceased.
            AMELIA HORNSBY, Administratrix.        Oct. 19, 1837

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS—T.W. Goode, Esq., is authorized to receipt for money paid for the "Advocate" and also to receive subscriptions. he will be at Milledgeville during the session of the Legislature. Nov. 9.

MARRIED—In Glynn, 30th ult. by Rev. J.B. Andrews, Mr. James Geiger to Miss Martha Harris.

MARRIED—On the 18th inst. by the Rev. McDonald, Mr. William Salins to Miss Susan Myddleton, all of Glynn County.

MARRIED—On the 15th inst. by the Rev. Joseph R. Andrew, Mr. John Homes to Miss Amelia Palmer, both of this County.

"She is thine—the word is (can not read)
Hand to hand and heart to heart—
Though all other ties are broken,
Thine these bonds shall never part.
Thou has taken her (can not read)
From the altar a holy shrine,
Each the other's love possession,
Say what care should cloud that (can not read)
She will be to thee a blessing—
And a shield to her be thou."

Tuesday 12 April 1838

Pg. 1 Col. 2

WANTED FOR HIRE
        The undersigned wish to hire One Thousand Negroes, to work on the Brunswick Canal, of whom one third may be women. $16 per month will be paid for steady prime men and $13 for able women. Payments will be made monthly or quarterly and ample security will be given—
        Those who are disposed to hire may rely upon a most careful superintendence and they are desired to make immediate application.  The Negroes will be abundantly provided for, well lodged, and the sick will be placed in a commodious Hospital, where they will receive the daily attendance of a well educated physician.  For further particulars reference is respectfully made to J.L. Locke, the Resident Engineer or to any of the Planters of Glynn County who have had Negroes on the Canal the past year.

F. & A. PRATT.
F.M. NIGHTINGALE.

HOUSE WRIGHT
        Moses Wilson, Would inform the public that he is ready to contract for putting up Houses, Stores, or Buildings of any description at short notice and on reasonable terms.
        He has lumber and building materials of all kinds on hand, which he will furnish to order at low prices.  Also, White Lead, Paints, Oils & etc.
        Any favor in his line would be thankfully received and those who employ him may depend on having their orders executed in a work-man like manner and with punctuality.

NEW GOODS
Just received from Boston, per schr. Columbia.
20 Bbls. New Flour
Bbls. Clear and Mess Pork
Tubs Butter
Boxes Cheese
Kegs lard
Brown and White Sugar
Best Powder
Shot
Flannels
Shoes
Negro Clothes, & etc.
Which will be sold for cash or approved credit by Geo. Harrington & Co. Brunswick, Ga.

For Sale
        A first rate Northern HORSE, large, young, sound and perfectly gentle in either in double or single harness.  Sold for no fault whatever.  For further information apply at this office. Francis D. Scarlett, Col. Island.

Pg. 1 Col. 3

Notice—It is hereby given that a contract has been entered into for the building and fitting up of the Lighthouse at Cumberland island, (Georgia) and that the same is engaged to be finished by the 1st of April next, and will be lit up probably by the 15th of that month.

Arch Clark
Collector and Sup. Of Lighthouses & District and Port of Saint Mary’s, Geo.

MARRIED—At Colonel's Island, Glynn County, on the 17th inst. by the Rev. Mr. Baird, Col. William McKay, of Florida, to Mrs. Mary Ann Parland, relict of the late John Parland, and eldest daughter of Francis M. Scarlett, Esq.

INDIAN MURDERS IN WARE CO.—We last week gave our readers the report we had heard of the Indian murders in Ware County. We regret that we had not, at that time, received the following valued communication, which gives a more particular account of the horrible murder of the Wiles family:

ST. MARY'S, 20 July 1838
            On Saturday last, in the neighborhood of Kettle Creek, Ware County, and within a very short distance of the Okefinoke (sic), a horrible slaughter occurred in a family named Wiles. This family consisted of ten persons, of whom seven were killed. Two children escaped, and one (a boy) was taken prisoner by the Indians, it is supposed, as he is missing. One of those who escaped is a boy about 12 years of age. He says, that just before day break the savage yell was raised at each corner of the house and was followed by a discharge of rifles. Mr. Wiles fired his rifle once at the assailants, then fled through the back door, but was pursued and shot dead after going 100 yards. An indiscriminate slaughter then took place among the children, all of whom, it appears, were shot except one, of 3 or 4 years old, who was found with its brains beaten out, and the instrument of death (a pine knot) lying close by with the marks of its destruction upon it. Mrs. W. was among the slain. The boy says this was the work of six Indians. After the massacre the house was burnt to the ground. Within a few miles of this, Maj. Dearborn's detachment of Regulars was encamped, and upon the first news, marched to the place, but only arrived to behold "the scattered wreck."
            About the same time, a stroke of lightning descended into the encampment of the Camden Detachment, near Centreville, and killed a negro boy belonging to J.T. Rudolph; and severely stunned many persons who were in a tent near by. Mr. Poincey, who was in the act of dismounting, was, with his hors, prostrated, and remained on the ground for some time in a state of insensibility, but has recovered.
            The Camden Battalion, near Centreville were disbanded yesterday.
            The above, you may rely upon as correct. My information states that many families are moving hastily from Ware into Camden county, for better security; but I fear that our county will not be exempt from the stealthy and murderous visitations of these savage fiends—since it will be recollected that our frontier settlements are immediately in the neighborhood of the supposed Indian Rendezvous—the Okefinoke (sic).
            The steamer Santee arrived this morning from Black Creek, and after taking in wood, proceeded on her way to Savannah. Nothing important by her.
Since the above came to hand, we have received a letter from the Camp of the Camden Volunteers, lately disbanded, of which we give the following extract. It gives the same account of the severe thunder storm, mentioned above, ad contains the additional important intelligence, that Maj. Dade of the Dragoons, is in pursuit of the Indians and likely to overtake them:

Camp Hopkins, on the St. Marys River July 29th, 1838—One of our men who has been on furlough, has just come into camp bringing the following intelligence from the scene of the Indian hostilities in Ware County. He states that yesterday morning he heard the discharge of some thirty or forty rifles, that after the firing had entirely ceased he went to the spot, and there found that the savages had murdered Mr. Wiles, his wife and seven children. Some of their bodies, he ways, were most cruelly mangled. He also states that Capt. Dade of the Dragoons, was in pursuit of them, and but two miles in their rear, the Indians having ten miles to go before they could reach the swamp. There have been several reports stating that, the Indians are near us. The above murder was committed within twenty-eight miles of our camp.  Yours, &c. T.S.H.

(Correspondence of the Brunswick Advocate)
CAMDEN CO. GA, Aug. 1st 1838.
            We are in a very great state of alarm and I may say distress, in this and Ware County. A family by the name of Wiles, eight in number, have been murdered in Ware, and report says one other family by the name of Davis, fourteen in number, all within ten days. The people of Ware and the Western part of this county, are leaving their homes, cattle, and abundant crops to save their lives. This is a sad state of things.
            Yours, &c. A resident of Camden.

Saturday 19 January 1839

Pg. 3 col. 5

PASSENGERS—Per schr Delta, from Bath, (Me.) Messrs. Bond, Moore and Perkins.
            Per schr Isabella, from Charleston, Messrs. Hodges, Barnwell, Hayden, Harvey, Curtis, Butler and Read, and thirty in the steerage to Couper & Nightingale.
            Per steamer Forrester, from Savannah, F.M. Hall and lady, Messrs. Wood, Harrison, Howard, Swift, Tucker, Lyman, and seventy-one in the steerage to Couper & Nightingale.

MARINE INTELLIGENCE; PORT OF BRUNSWICK

ARRIVED—Jan. 13.  Steamer Isis, Pearson, Savannah, for Florida.
            10^th.  Schr Isabella, Crowell, Charleston, sundry mdse.
            Steamer Forrester, Drake, Savannah.  The F. left same day for Savannah.
            17^th.  Steamer Isis, Pearson, Florida, for Savannah.
            Schor Delta Moores, Bath, Me. 22 [illegible] lumber, &tc. To R.F. Perkins.

SAILED—Schr Commerce, Hatchins, Charleston.
            Sloop America, Burr, Savannah.

Saturday 23 February 1839

Pg. 3 col. 5

MARRIED—On Thursday, the 14^th inst., by the Rev. Jos. Andrew, Mr. William G. Quarterman to Mrs. Mary A. Grant, both of this county.
            At Savannah, on the 13^th inst., by the Rev. Mr. Preston, Mr. H. Stiles Bell (editor of the McIntosh County Herald) to Mrs. Frances A. Lewis, of that city.
            At Waynesville, on the evening of the 2d inst., by B.C. Loper, Esq., Mr. Henry S. Fort, formerly of Savannah, to Miss Caroline Elizabeth, daughter of the late Samuel Higginbotham, Esq. of Glynn.

Saturday 27 April 1839

Pg. 3 col. 2

            The Grand Jury of McIntosh County, in the case of Mr. Charles L. Barrett, indicted for killing Mr. Joseph S. Page, by whom he was grossly assaulted in Darien, about a year since, returned a verdict of “No Bill.”

Saturday 11 May 1839

Pg. 3 col. 5

MARRIED—At St. Marys, Ga. on the 27^th ult., by the Rev. Mr. Baird, DR. THOMAS FULLER HAZZARD, of St. Simons Island, to Miss SARAH STEWART RICHARDSON, only daughter of Capt. Edmund Richardson, of the former place.